VII. A. 21st Century Tensions Inherited from the Cold War
→ In the aftermath of the Cold War —failure of the putsch in 1991, disappearance of the USSR, creation of the CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) by Russia, Ukraine, and …
Category: History
VI. E. Politics in France since 1991
→ The double mandate of Jacques Chirac, elected president in 1995 and 2002 Jacques Chirac Jacques Chirac’s terms in office: —may 7, 1995 election of Jacques Chirac against Lionel Jospin, …
VI. A. Construction of Western Europe
→ The concretization of a European idea —Winston Churchill’s speech (“We must erect something like the United States of Europe” in September 1946, Coudenhove-Kalergi launches the European Parliamentary Union, Hague …
V. D. France’s cultural influence
→ The French welfare state: new economic models —birth rate (2.6 children per woman), Vichy’s natalist policy, baby boom —demographic increase (13 million more men from 1946 to 1976) —young population: …
The greatest scientists in history
The most famous scientists of history are presented on this page with their function, their invention or their work in brackets. The great scientists of history – Antiquity Pythagoras (theorems) Archimedes (sphere, …
Major periods of contemporary French history
Chronology of contemporary French history to study for Sciences Po: → Abolition of the July Monarchy. → Only 3 years → Universal male suffrage → Abolition of slavery in the …