On Tuesday, March 5, 2013, Hugo Chávez died. His historic personality for Venezuela, which he will have led for 14 years, will also have marked international relations.
Vice President Nicolás Maduro had been the one to announce his death to the population: “At 4:25 p.m. (20:55 GMT) today, March 5, died our commander-President Hugo Chávez Frias after fighting hard against an illness for nearly two years.” Seven days of mourning and the closure of schools and administrations were decreed.
Who is Hugo Chávez really? Why has his name remained in history? We offer you a short biography of this politician.
Hugo Chávez (1954–2013)
Hugo Chávez was born into a family of teachers on July 28, 1954, in Sabaneta. He quickly entered the military academy and graduated as a second lieutenant. He studied political science at the Simón Bolivar University in Caracas. In 1982, he founded a clandestine military lodge, stemming from the Bolivarian movement. This Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200, so named after the 1989 revolt, aims to seize power.
President Carlos Andrés Pérez, who was in office in Venezuela at the time, was in the midst of a political, financial and social crisis in the country, partly due to corruption. Hugo Chávez attempted a coup on February 4, 1992. Although he failed in his attempt, the press hailed the feat.
In prison, he was released only in 1994. He transformed his organization into the Mouvement 5e République in 1996. Thanks to an ingenious campaign, he won the 1998 presidential elections with 56.2% of the vote. In 2000, his party also won the presidential and legislative elections.
The name of the country was changed to“Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela” after a referendum on a Bolivarian constitution in 1999.
The ideas advocated by Hugo Chávez, the“Shaivism”, take up the line of Simón Bolivar, the great figure of Venezuela whose independence he allowed.
In 2002, Hugo Chávez had to face a coup d’état which finally failed. His ideas and his politics became more radical. He wins successively the municipal and legislative elections of 2005, and presidential elections of 2006 (62.9% of the votes). Hugo Chávez then governs by decree.
He suffered a political setback in 2007 with the rejection of his referendum, which he won two years later.
In 2010, Hugo Chávez grants himself special powers that allow him to legislate by decree for 18 months.his governance is marked by the“Bolivarian Revolution”: the new constitution, the establishment of a “participatory democracy”, and the nationalization of industries, his role in international relations (especially with FARC), is significantly affected by his illness.
→ General Knowledge: the revolutions
Operated on more than four times in Cuba between 2011 and 2013, he died on March 5, 2013, leaving his vice president Nicolás Maduro as his designated successor.
→ Biography of Barack Obama
a great man remains and always remains as such. magma the great