A small sheet on justice to help you in your revisions.
The etymology of Justice can be traced back to the Latin jus: “right”.
Definitions: 2 meanings
Institutional: judicial institution (courts, councils, judges…)
Moral: what is right according to ethical values, what is legitimate
To understand the difference, understand that the “Institutional” meaning refers to the concrete, what is legal, what applies justice today. The “Moral” meaning refers to an ideology, what should be.
→ See definitions of justice (full article)
History
1790: institution of justices of the peace, creation of a court of cassation and courts of appeal
1804: Court of Cassation, courts of appeal
1806: 1st industrial tribunal
1810: courts of Assizes
1912: law creating the juvenile courts
1953: administrative court
1958: (V Republic) High Court of Justice – Constitutional Council – District Court, abolition of the Justice of the Peace – High Court
1979: generalization of the industrial tribunals
1987: administrative courts of appeal
1987: 1st filmed trial (judging by the Nazi Klaus Barbie) following the Badinter law of 1985
Statistics in 2018
8.72 billion euros was spent on justice by the State in 2018
Nearly 85,000 people work at the Ministry of Justice in 2018
Just over 2,600,000 decisions were handed down in civil and commercial matters, and nearly 250,000 cases settled by the administrative courts. All this in 2017.
As for criminal justice, there were nearly1 million convictions (criminal response rate: 87.6%): among which, 2,212 crimes exactly.
There are 183 prisons for nearly 60,000 places.
Statistics until 2011
People under custody in France (2011) according to the Ministry of Justice:
74,108 persons = 8,846 imprisoned non detained + 65,262 imprisoned detained
Budget of justice in 2011:
7.14 billion euros
Agents working for the Ministry of Justice in 2011:
76,025 agents
Correctional facilities in 2010:
189 facilities
Prison places in 2010:
56,358 places
You may also be interested in this article:
→ Quotes about justice