I.D. The establishment of the UN

→ The legacy of the League of Nations

—the League of Nations was founded in 1919, after the Treaty of Versailles
—the League of Nations was dissolved at the first UN General Assembly on January 10, 1946
—Harry Truman (president of the United States) made a speech to the American Congress on March 12, 1947
—He enunciated the doctrine of “containment”: the aim was to fight against the “advance of communism”, in particular by financial means (leading to the Marshall Plan)

→ Birth and functioning of the UN

—Signature of the Atlantic Charter on August 14, 1941, by Roosevelt and Churchill
—Founding of the United Nations Organization (UNO) on October 24, 1945
—The missions of the UN are international peace, the good economic functioning, and social welfare
—The UN consists of six bodies: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the Secretariat

→ Focus on the UN Charter:

Preamble to the U.N. Charter:

“to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind; to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small; to create the conditions necessary for the maintenance of justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law; to promote social progress and better standards of living in larger freedom. ”