Machiavelli – The Stability of the State
In 1531, Machiavelli in his Discourses on the first decade of Titus Livius I, and II, compares Rome and Sparta. For Machiavelli, Rome won between the two because it showed …
Author: AIP
How hygiene helped cities fight pandemics
As the world seeks to protect itself from the Covid-19 pandemic, a look back at the history of necessary urban sanitation policy provides essential perspective. The city, especially in the …
Le jardin secret
A short history of gardens, to understand what the expression secret garden means. → General Knowledge: the Secret Genesis, of course, begins the importance of the garden. It is a …
Aron – Preferring revolt to humiliation
In Peace and War Between Nations, published in 1962, Raymond Aron writes: The difficulty of peace has more to do with humanity than with man’s animality. The mouse that has …
Chronology of the construction of the European Union
“If Europe were to unite one day to share its common heritage, there would be no limit to happiness, prosperity and glory” What remains of these hopes, formulated by Winston …
Germany: geography and facts
Facts and figures about Germany: Most populous country and 1st economic power in theEuropean Union. Population : 82 million. 6.7 million foreigners (8.2% of the total population) Age pyramid: 14% …